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Electric VS. Hydraulic Power Steering
- Author :
- TATA AIG Team
- ●
- Last Updated On :
- 05/07/2024
Controlling and directing the wheels where they need to go without power steering is a difficult task. Power steering is a fantastic driving aid that allows you to turn and steer the car effortlessly and helps improve driving, especially during low-speed manoeuvres.
Initially, hydraulic power steering was released but the evolution of power steering gave birth to electric power steering.
Whether you have been thinking about buying/renting a car or already own one, knowing about hydraulic power steering and electric steering is useful to understand how this affects your driving experience.
This post is all about electric steering vs hydraulic steering and contains information on how these two steering systems differentiate from each other.
What is Hydraulic Power Steering?
Hydraulic power steering is a steering system that uses hydraulic fluid and pumps to control the steering wheel. It was invented by Francis W. Davis in the 1920s and used mainly in heavy vehicles.
-Components of Hydraulic Power Steering
-Hydraulic Fluid: It is the liquid from which the pressure is generated for turning the steering wheel.
-Reservoir: This is the container that stores the hydraulic fluid.
-Pressure Hoses: These hoses connect the reservoir and gearbox. Pressure hoses send and return hydraulic fluid and pressure which in turn improves the steering mechanism.
-Power Steering Pump: It remains attached to the engine shaft through the engine belt and creates pressure by using the power received from the engine and the hydraulic fluid present in the reservoir.
-Gearbox: It converts the pressure produced by the pump into mechanical force which then moves the steering wheel and controls the rotational movement.
What is Electric Power Steering?
Electric power steering uses an electrically powered system to help drivers steer a vehicle. Sensors detect the torque applied by the driver, and the electric motor produces pressure that assists in steering the vehicle.
Components of Electric Power Steering
-Sensors: The sensors work by detecting the position and movement of the steering wheel and sending signals to the motor.
-Electric Motor: It draws energy from the electrical systems of the vehicle and applies the required torque to control the steering accordingly.
-Electrical Circuit Unit: It provides power to the motor.
Electric Steering Vs Hydraulic Steering
| Parameter | Hydraulic Steering | Electric Steering |
|---|---|---|
| Number of Parts | Has a lot of parts | Has fewer moving parts |
| Power Source | Hydraulic power steering gets power from the vehicle’s engine | The power source of electric steering is the vehicle’s battery |
| Pressure/Force Generator | The hydraulic pump generates pressure | The electric motor produces the force |
| Fuel Efficiency | Results in reduced fuel efficiency, as it operates continuously | Does not affect fuel efficiency as it only works when needed |
| Maintenance Frequency | Requires regular maintenance as the hydraulic fluid used needs to be changed periodically | Requires less maintenance as it does not use hydraulic fluid |
| Setup | Due to the different moving parts, the setup of hydraulic steering is heavier and adds weight to the vehicle. | Lighter as there is no need for the steering pump and reservoir |
| Fluid Requirements | Hydraulic fluid is needed | This steering system does not use fluids |
| Level of Complexity | More complicated | Less complicated |
| Maintenance cost | High | Low |
| Components | Hydraulic steering has a pump, gearbox, hoses, hydraulic fluid and reservoir | Consists of an electric motor, sensors, pinion shaft, etc |
| Road Feedback | Provides reliable and better road feedback to the driver | Provides less road feedback |
| Adjustability | Adjustments can only be made manually by the driver | The sensor technology facilitates real-time digital adjustments |
| Durability | Less durable as these systems are prone to wear and tear and failures | More durable as it has fewer components |
| Compatibility | Less compatible | Has a high compatibility with other vehicle systems |
| Emissions | Does not contribute to reduced emissions | Helps reduce tailpipe emissions indirectly |
| Space | Takes more space in the vehicle as there are numerous parts | Takes less space |
| Ease of Steering | More ease of steering as it maintains constant pressure | Moderate ease of steering |
| Possibility of Leaks | There can be fluid leaks | No leaks as it does not rely on hydraulic fluid |
| Automatic Trailer Backing and Parallel Parking | Not possible as every action requires manual input | Possible |
| Equipment | Can be repaired with standard equipment | Requires specialised parts and knowledge to fix the issues |
Electric Vs Power Steering: Which Is Better?
The choice of steering entirely depends on the performance requirements and personal preferences, but there are still some points that can be considered important when choosing the right type of steering.
Hydraulic and electric power steering both have their own perks and limitations; however, in the race of power steering vs electric power steering, electric power steering is said to be better than hydraulic steering.
Features like low maintenance cost, high compatibility and durability, absence of hydraulic fluid and sensor technology makes electric steering more beneficial for those who want comfort and fuel efficiency.
However, hydraulic steering also has its fair share of benefits like greater stability and ease of steering. Besides, it also offers good road feedback and promotes smooth and consistent driving when travelling at a high speed or going on a steep path.
There is also one more type of steering, electro-hydraulic steering, that combines the features of hydraulic and electric power steering. It uses an electric motor to drive the pump and allows demand-based hydraulic steering if the need arises.
Why Do You Need a Car Insurance Policy?
A faulty power steering can lead to mishaps. Indeed, regular maintenance of the steering system helps avoid such situations but this does not mean that you are safe from unexpected events on the road and the financial losses associated with them.
This is where Tata AIG’s four-wheeler insurance steps in. Our car insurance plans provide financial security against those expenses that come with a road accident and third-party liabilities.
Besides pocket-friendly insurance for four-wheelers, Tata AIG also offers a No Claim Bonus on each claim-free year.
So, if you are looking for a car insurance provider who offers extensive coverage at affordable premiums, consider Tata AIG for your car insurance needs.
In case you already own a four-wheeler insurance policy whose expiry date is approaching, feel free to explore our Tata AIG’s website and opt for car insurance renewal online.
Wrapping it Up
Nowadays, every car has a power steering system present in it, but, selecting the one that aligns with your driving needs is important.
While the main purpose of hydraulic and electric power steering is the same, there are still many differences between them that need to be considered.
So, before buying a car, weigh the pros and cons of hydraulic and electric power steering and then make a decision depending on the type of vehicle and its use.
FAQS
What happens if hydraulic power steering fails?
If the hydraulic power steering fails, you can still steer your vehicle; however, it will be very difficult and may require excessive force.
How long does electric steering last?
An electric steering can approximately last up to 50,000-60,000 kms; however, this figure is not fixed and can vary according to the maintenance and repair frequency of the steering pump.
Disclaimer / TnC
Your policy is subjected to terms and conditions & inclusions and exclusions mentioned in your policy wording. Please go through the documents carefully.
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