What is DPF Regeneration?

Diesel particulate filter regeneration is a process which burns off the accumulated soot in the diesel filter. This process is essential to maintain the filter’s functionality and effectiveness. A DPF is a diesel exhaust after-treatment device that captures harmful pollutants and prevents them from being released into the air.

If the DPF regeneration does not take place, the filter can be clogged due to soot buildup. Consequently, the DPF back pressure goes up, leading to a reduction in the power and fuel efficiency. Hence, the DPF regeneration process is crucial to keep the efficiency of the engine.

There are three types of DPF regeneration process:

• Passive regeneration

• Active Regeneration

• Manual Regeneration

Let us understand each type of regeneration in detail.

-Passive Regeneration

Passive regeneration is a process which automatically takes place while the vehicle is running. This process takes place when a vehicle's exhaust gases have reached a high temperature, which is sufficient to burn off the accumulated soot. During passive regeneration, the heated exhaust enters the DPF, which oxidises the soot and turns it into ash. This ash can be removed with a DPF cleaner.

The driver may notice an indication on the dashboard when passive regeneration is taking place. In such a case, the driver must continue driving and avoid parking the vehicle as it may not support the regeneration process.

-Active Regeneration

Active regeneration begins when the DPF reaches a limit of 45%. At this level, the pressure sensor in the vehicle notices it. The engine management system of the vehicle injects raw fuel into the diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC), which increases the exhaust temperature. Thus, an optimal environment for regeneration is created.

Active regeneration is also an automated process like passive regeneration and does not require the driver to do any task. For active regeneration to take place, the vehicle must be in motion and be driven for longer periods.

-Manual Regeneration

If both the above types of regeneration fail, one must stimulate manual DPF regeneration. When the checklight on the vehicle dashboard illuminates, it is an indication that DPF regeneration is needed.

The vehicle must be in a stationary position to begin a manual regeneration. During DPF regeneration in progress, one must run the engine at high idle to increase the engine temperature sufficient to burn the accumulated soot.

Diesel cars consist of a DPF or diesel particulate filter, usually made out of cellular ceramic honeycomb. Ceramic materials have the ability to provide significant thermal stability and resistance.

In a ceramic honeycomb DPF, the channels are blocked at each end, which directs the exhaust gas through the filter wall. When the gas passes through the filter walls, the soot gets trapped in its pores.

Since the DPF filter has a limited capacity, the trapped soot must be removed. Removing the soot also enhances the filter’s performance.

Once the DPF regeneration is completed, the soot turns into ash and accumulates in the filter. Over time, the amount of ash increases, clogging the filter. A clogged filter can lead to potential engine problems and also decrease fuel efficiency. Hence, cleaning the DPF is necessary.

A DPF filter can be cleaned in two ways:

• Aqueous

• Thermal

Under the aqueous method, a cleaning solution is used to clean the DPF and remove the accumulated ash, unburnt soot, etc. The cleaning solution is non-destructive and water-based. Hence, it does not affect the filter's substrate.

When using the thermal method, the DPF is cleansed by heating the filter to a significantly high temperature between 500°-600°C. It takes a day for the thermal cleaning to be completed and the filter to cool down.

DPF regeneration takes place when the conditions are optimal and certain criteria are met. Factors such as vehicle speed, engine temperature, vehicle RPM, etc., may impact the regeneration process.

Here is a list of issues that may hamper the successful regeneration.

• A problem in the thermostat prevents the engine from reaching a high temperature, which prevents the regeneration from taking place.

• If one or more glow plugs are damaged, the regeneration may be hampered.

• If there is an issue with the DPF sensors, they will not give appropriate readings and cause regeneration problems.

• If the journeys are short and at low speeds, the engine will not heat up sufficiently, and the regeneration process may be constantly interrupted.

• Using low-quality or wrong engine oil can also prevent regeneration from taking place.

• An issue with the Lambda sensor also affects the regeneration process.

A DPF is a crucial component of a diesel vehicle and if you own one, it is crucial to learn why you must maintain it regularly.

• It is essential to keep the DPF 100% clean to obtain a smooth engine performance, Besides, a clogged DPF may also cause the engine to backpressure and reduce the fuel economy.

• City driving causes you to stop and go several times, which makes it hard for the filtration and engine to work properly. Hence, cleaning the DPF can relieve the pressure from the filter and engine, allowing them to function smoothly.

• Leaving the filter uncleaned leads to the accumulation of ash. If the filter is left uncleaned for a long time, it may need a replacement, which can be highly expensive.

• Cleaning the filter regularly also helps you to comply with the environmental standards. An uncleaned filter leads to higher emissions.

-Signs of a Clogged Diesel Particulate Filter

As a vehicle owner, you must be aware of the signs that indicate a clogged DPF so you can take corrective measures and prevent a costly replacement.

• Increase in fuel consumption

• Reduction in the engine’s performance

• Facing issues while starting up the engine

• The warning lights on the dashboard light up.

If you notice any of the above indications, it is recommended that your DPF be checked and cleaned up, if necessary. It will prevent any damage to the filter and save you precious bucks.

-Also Read: Everything You Need to Know About Diesel Particulate Filter

Maintaining your car and the engine filter is an effective way to prolong its life and keep it in top-notch condition. Similarly, buying car insurance is necessary to ensure its safety in case of unfortunate accidents. A motor insurance policy provides you with the necessary assistance and financial support if you meet with an accident on the road.

Besides, the Motor Vehicles Act mandates that every car owner must have 3rd party car insurance. It assists you in fulfilling the financial and legal obligations when a third-party property, vehicle, or life is damaged.

With TATA AIG car insurance policy, you can get affordable, customisable and beneficial car insurance plans that provide coverage for third-party damages as well as loss and damages to your insured vehicle.

A diesel particulate filter holds a significant value in engine cars. Hence, it is crucial to maintain it and keep it in good condition. Diesel particulate filter regeneration is a very critical process that can assist in keeping your filter clean and effective.

If the DPF is in top condition, it will capture the particulate matter efficiently and boost your engine performance. It is also essential to pay attention to the signs of a blocked DPF and take the necessary action in time to prevent any further damage.

-What is the cost of replacing a diesel particulate filter?

The cost of replacing a diesel particulate filter varies from one manufacturer to another. Depending on the car model and the manufacturer, you may have to spend a significant amount of money to replace the DPF.

-How much is the life of a diesel particulate filter?

The lifespan of a diesel particulate filter depends on how well you maintain the vehicle. However, the average life of a diesel particulate filter is expected to be around 1,00,000 miles. It can be more or less depending on various factors such as DPF servicing, oil, etc.

-When does a DPF need replacement?

If the filter is severely clogged and has not been cleaned appropriately or in a long time, it may need replacement. However, replacement can cost a huge sum. Hence, it is advisable to maintain the DPF to prolong its life.